Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety

Volume 12, Issue 2, May 2026, Pages 41–46

ISSN 2411-3174 (print version) ISSN 2411-0388 (online version)

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE EFFICACY OF THE BIOCIDE ‘KREZONID’ IN CONTROLLING BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Kovalenko V. L. 1, 2, Ihnatieva T. M. 2, 5, Ponomariova S. А. 3, Popov D. О. 4, Stupak О. М. 1

1 State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: kovalenkodoktor@gmail.com

2 Institute of Veterinary Medicine of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

3 State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine

4 Group of Companies ‘Sanfort’, Kyiv, Ukraine

5 State Biotechnological University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

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Citation for print version: Kovalenko, V. L., Ihnatieva, T. M., Ponomariova, S. А., Popov, D. О. and Stupak, О. М. (2026) ‘Justification for the efficacy of the biocide ‘Krezonid’ in controlling bacterial infections’, Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety, 12(2), pp. 41–46.

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Citation for online version: Kovalenko, V. L., Ihnatieva, T. M., Ponomariova, S. А., Popov, D. О. and Stupak, О. М. (2026) ‘Justification for the efficacy of the biocide ‘Krezonid’ in controlling bacterial infections’, Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety, 12(2), pp. 41–46. DOI: 10.36016/JVMBBS-2026-12-2-6.

Summary. The study aimed to experimentally substantiate the bactericidal activity of the biocidal agent ‘Krezonid’ (based on meta-cresol, lactic acid, and a quaternary ammonium compound) and to determine the minimum effective regimens for its use to completely inactivate Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, which are important in veterinary medicine and poultry farming, while simultaneously verifying the absence of a bacteriostatic effect. The study was conducted using the in vitro suspension method in accordance with the requirements of European standards (EN 1040:2005, EN 1656:2019, EN 12353:2021) and methodological recommendations for veterinary disinfectants. Standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 were used as test microorganisms. Working concentrations of the drug of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1.0% were tested at exposure times of 10, 20, and 30 minutes. After contact, the samples were rinsed three times with saline, and cultures were inoculated onto tryptone-soy agar (to assess bactericidal activity) and into tryptone-soy broth with repeated re-inoculations over 72 hours (to rule out bacteriostasis). The results showed a clear dependence of efficacy on concentration and exposure time. A concentration of 0.1% did not ensure complete inactivation even after 30 minutes. At 0.3%, complete inactivation was achieved inconsistently, with occasional residual growth. A stable and reproducible bactericidal effect against both test cultures was observed at a concentration of 0.5% after just 20 minutes of exposure, and at 30 minutes in 100% of replicates. The maximum rate of action was noted at 1.0% — destruction of microorganisms after 10 minutes of contact. No bacteriostatic effect was observed under effective conditions: growth did not resume after repeated inoculations. The data obtained confirm the pronounced bactericidal (rather than bacteriostatic) activity of ‘Krezonid’ against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The recommended minimum concentration is 0.5% for a 30‑minute exposure (or 20 minutes under stable conditions); a 1.0% concentration for 10 minutes is optimal for rapid disinfection. The results allow us to recommend the product for use in veterinary and sanitary measures at industrial livestock and poultry facilities, provided that appropriate protocols are followed

Keywords: bactericidal activity, bacteriostatic effect, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, disinfection

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